徐家围子断陷白垩纪火山活动与断裂组合关系     

印长海  董景海 《世界地质》2013,32(4):793-799

本文从断裂组合、火山机构和岩浆通道等方面分析,提出徐家围子断陷基底断裂及与之匹配的次级断裂控制白垩纪火山活动,形成受基底断裂控制的三个 NNW 向展布的火山岩发育带。由于基底断裂特征不同,各火山岩带分别具有中心式、裂隙式和复合式三种不同的喷发特征。徐家围子断陷安达地区精细解剖表明,其基底断裂上部发育 NWW 向雁列式断裂,向下沟通基底断裂,为西部火山岩浆上侵通道,反映了历史时期内火山活动西强东弱的特征,西部火山规模大,以爆发相为主,东部为大面积溢流相。火山岩的分布受基底断裂及沟通其的次级断裂控制,同时对断裂痕迹起到一定的改造作用。  相似文献   

缅甸钦敦-睡宝盆地火山岛弧带沉积环境分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李运振  吕明  白海强  刘子玉 《沉积与特提斯地质》2013,(3):48-55

缅甸钦敦-睡宝盆地在上新世之前的沉积相主体由东北部的海岸平原向西南逐渐过渡到滨浅海,三角洲相对不发育,火山岩呈南北向断续分布在盆地的中部。构造运动、火山活动和海平面升降决定了火山岛弧带的沉积环境。宽缓的构造背景是形成海岸平原．滨浅海沉积环境的决定因素;岛弧带的火山活动自白垩纪至中新世整体表现出较持续的喷发,形成的火山碎屑不仅参与了正常的地层沉积,还对古生物的繁殖和化石的保存起到破坏作用。海平面升降也是控制沉积体系展布的重要因素。  相似文献   

Stratigraphic and structural synthesis of the New England Orogen     

R. J. Korsch  H. J. Harrington 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):205-226

The Spring Well volcanic complex in the Eastern Goldfields Province of Western Australia, is a relatively fresh and well exposed Archaean felsic volcanic centre that is preserved in a synclinal structure at the top of the local greenstone succession. Subaerial acid pyroclastic deposits and subordinate lava flows, intruded by anastomosing intermediate‐acid dykes and sills, comprise the near‐vent facies. In the distal regions of the centre, subaqueous crystal tuff and other tuff units are intercalated with epiclastic sediments.

Geochemical modelling indicates that the acid rocks are unlikely to have been derived by batch partial melting of probable crustal sources. However, differentiation from intermediate parents is compatible with the available geochemical data. The intermediate rocks, in turn, have critical geochemical characteristics comparable with all other studied intermediate calc‐alkaline rocks in the Yilgarn Block. Since it can be demonstrated that many of these rocks have an ultimate mantle source (through differentiation of LIL element enriched mafic primary magmas) it follows that such an origin is applicable in the Spring Well rocks. Therefore, it is concluded that the Spring Well volcanic complex represents a mantle‐derived, calc‐alkaline differentiation series, in which the more silicic members of the suite predominate. Apart from the diagnostic geochemical characteristics of these acid volcanic rocks, their spatial association with intermediate rocks distinguishes them from anatectic acid volcanic rocks that also occur in the greenstone sequences of the Yilgarn Block.  相似文献   

Discussion: Structural and stratigraphic problems of the Argylla Formation near Mary Kathleen,Queensland     

G. M. Derrick  I. H. Wilson 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):241-243

Circumstantial evidence indicates that Gaussberg, an isolated, 370 m high volcanic cone on the Antarctic coast at 57°S, 89°E, is the product of subglacial eruption. The vesicular, highly potassic leucitite, of which Gaussberg is composed, has been dated by K‐Ar and fission‐track methods, the former being applied to leucite concentrates, the latter to glassy leucitite from the ropy‐textured, outer rind of a pillow‐like structure. The K‐Ar geochronology yields an average date of 56 000 ± 5000 years, jwhich is interpreted as defining the time of Gaussberg's formation. The fission‐track work yields a less precise date, which supports the K‐Ar age estimate. These new age determinations indicate that previously published K‐Ar age determinations of 20 Ma and 9 Ma for Gaussberg should be rejected.  相似文献   

Geochemisty and tectonic setting of igneous rocks in the Glenrock Station area,N.S.W.     

R. Offler 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4):443-455

In the Upper Murray Valley, Victoria, Late Silurian, high‐Si igneous rocks, which are closely associated with alkalic, basaltic dykes, were emplaced at high crustal levels following the peak of the Benambran Orogeny, which deformed and metamorphosed the Wagga Zone in Late Ordovician‐Early Silurian times. These rocks, which are informally termed ‘the Upper Murray high‐Si magmatic suite’, include leucogranites, rhyolite dykes and flows, and ash‐flow tuffs characterised by the following features. They are transitional from mildly peraluminous to mildly metaluminous; they represent relatively anhydrous magmas, in which halides were important volatile constituents; they have high Si, total alkalies, Rb, Th, U, Nb, Sn and heavy rare earth elements; and they are relatively repleted in Mg, Ca, Sr, Eu, V, Cr and Ni. In these respects and in their post‐orogenic setting and close association with alkalic basalts, they resemble many post‐orogenic granitoids from elsewhere. Such granitoids appear to have formed as partial melts during crustal extension following major episodes of deformation and high‐Si magmatism. A residual granulitic crust, from which an earlier generation of granitoid magmas had been extracted, is argued to be the source rock‐type for these post‐orogenic magmas. Tectonic extension, affecting such a crust, was accompanied by deep fracturing and basaltic vol‐canism. Mantle‐derived, CO₂‐ and halide‐rich fluids moved into the residual crust, causing widespread metasomatism, and emplacement of basaltic magma caused temperatures to rise until melting took place and a second group of magmas was produced. This model explains most aspects of the trace and major element chemistry of post‐orogenic, high‐Si igneous rocks and, for the Upper Murray high‐Si suite it also provides an explanation for variations in trace elements and isotopic characteristics. Other processes, such as crystal fractionation, magma mixing, thermogravi‐tational diffusion, and separation and loss of a volatile phase, provide explanations for variations within individual units of the suite, but they do not explain overall variations or the highly fractionated nature of the suite.  相似文献   

Facies architecture of the Early Devonian Ural Volcanics,New South Wales     

K. F. Bull  J. McPhie 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):919-945

The Ural Volcanics are a early Devonian, submarine, felsic lava-sill complex, exposed in the western central Lachlan Orogen, New South Wales. The Ural Volcanics and underlying Upper Silurian, deepwater, basin-fill sedimentary rocks make up the Rast Group. The Ural Range study area, centrally located in the Cargelligo 1:100 000 map sheet area, was mapped at 1:10 000 scale. Seventeen principal volcanic facies were identified in the study area, dominated by felsic coherent facies (rhyolite and dacite) and associated monomictic breccia and siltstone-matrix monomictic breccia facies. Subordinate volcaniclastic facies include the pumice-rich breccia facies association, rhyolite – dacite – siltstone breccia facies and fiamme – siltstone breccia facies. The sedimentary facies association includes mixed-provenance and non-volcanic sandstone to conglomerate, black mudstone, micaceous quartz sandstone and foliated mudstone. The succession was derived from at least two intrabasinal volcanic centres. One, in the north, was largely effusive and intrusive, building a lava – sill complex. Another, in the south, was effusive, intrusive and explosive, generating lavas and moderate-volume (～3 km³) pyroclastic facies. The presence of turbidites, marine fossils, very thick massive to graded volcaniclastic units and black mudstone, and the lack of large-scale cross-beds and erosional scours, provide evidence for deposition in a submarine environment below storm wave-base. The Ural Volcanics have potential for seafloor or sub-seafloor replacement massive sulfide deposits, although no massive sulfide prospects or related altered zones have yet been defined. Sparse, disseminated sulfides occur in sericite-altered, steeply dipping shear zones.  相似文献   

宝昌火山盆地骆驼山地区781矿点铀矿化 三维模型与定位预测     

薛伟  李洪军  彭云彪  剡鹏兵  黄宝峰 《地质论评》2013,59(6):1227-1234

宝昌火山盆地骆驼山地区781矿点位于燕辽构造岩浆活动带西段,是著名燕辽铀成矿带内新近勘查发现的重要矿化区之一。通过对矿区73个钻孔、地形、地层及剖面资料的综合研究,利用Surpac三维软件首次建立了781矿点铀矿化的可视化三维模型,直观地显示了地形、地层、构造、矿体的空间变化特征。地层、构造及矿体三维模型联合研究表明,新识别出的Fa隐伏断裂是最直接的导矿构造和控矿构造,上侏罗统玛尼吐组火山地层为重要含矿层和铀源层。掌握781矿点关键控矿因素,结合矿体空间赋存、分布规律等研究结果,利用Surpac软件在深部定位预测找矿靶区Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区,其具有较精确的空间三维坐标,对深部找矿具有重要指导意义。  相似文献   

Arc Gis在西天山阿吾拉勒东段铁矿资源预测的应用     

潘展超 《地质与勘探》2013,49(3):558-569

本文以西天山阿吾拉勒东段海相火山岩型铁矿为例,从研究区的地质背景和已查明的6个海相火山岩型铁矿(点)出发,基于ArcGIS平台,建立空间数据库,结合已知矿(点)地质资料和野外验证分析,建立找矿模型与预测区提取模型,总结本区铁矿的主要控矿因素:①沉积地层;②侵入体;③布格重力异常;次要影响因素:①断层距离;②断层密度,将5个方面的证据图层与铁矿(化)点空间关系合成,采用证据权模型和加权Logistic回归模型进行成矿有利度评价,将研究区划分为6个靶区,结合研究区中主要矿(化)点对各靶区的地质成矿条件进行了探讨,分析了该地区的找矿潜力。  相似文献   

松辽盆地营城组火山岩储层成因及储集性能演化过程          下载免费PDF全文

邵红梅  罗静兰  杨艳芳 《地质科学》2013,48(4):1187-1203

在岩心观察基础上,通过应用全岩主量元素分析、显微镜下常规与铸体薄片观察鉴定和定量统计、图像孔喉分析、物性测试、X-射线衍射分析、包裹体荧光分析、均一温度与激光拉曼探针成分分析等多种手段,研究了松辽盆地营城组火山岩岩性和火山岩储层成因; 结合成岩作用与储集空间特征研究,分析了火山岩储层孔隙演化过程。结果表明,火山岩经历了冷却成岩作用、岩浆期后热液作用、风化淋滤剥蚀作用以及埋藏成岩作用等4个成岩作用阶段。火山岩储层的形成、孔隙演化和储集性能的改善主要与火山岩在浅埋A期后期-深埋成岩B期成岩过程中的断裂、不整合面及构造裂缝的发育以及热液流体沿断层、不整合面和构造裂缝流动的过程中对火山岩产生溶蚀作用密切相关,营城组火山岩属于构造-岩性火山岩气藏。  相似文献   

Flow‐field and palaeogeographic reconstruction of volcanic activity in the Permian Gerringong Volcanic Complex,southern Sydney Basin,Australia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

L. M. Campbell  P. J. Conaghan  R. H. Flood 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):357-375

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